What Makes A Great Leader - 2212 Words

Many people are responsible for providing Americans with the freedoms we have today. Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton were great world leaders due to their contributions to society, government, and public relations. In general, these men have contributed to our country in many ways; for example, they drafted the United States Constitution. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay published the Federalist Papers. Thomas Jefferson wrote the first draft of the Declaration of Independence; John Adams, John Marshall, and Patrick Henry passed legislation that created a national government. What makes a person a leader, or rather, what makes them a great leader? John Adams, was an exceptional man who helped secure†¦show more content†¦Our government today is still modeled after John Adams’s idea of separation of power. Adams’s idea to have three branches of government was ingenious; the three branches created checks and balances. With th is idea, no branch would have more power than the other. John Adams, who embodied political greatness, served on a committee to create the Declaration of Independence (â€Å"John Adam†). To be a leader, one must know how to problem solve whether those problems are taxation without representation or negotiating treaties to end wars. Johns Adams would be an excellent candidate to sit on the commission because he embodies what is fair and just. Alexander Hamilton was a gifted and intelligent man. Alexander left college to begin a career in politics. He proved his self-worth in war and in government. After taking victory at York Town, he realized that our congressional issues came from the Articles of the Confederation (â€Å"Articles of Confederation†). Hamilton believed that the articles divided the nation instead of unifying it, which was why we needed a stronger government. The Articles of Confederation left the government weak, unable to tax, and with no way to enforce the act congress passed (â€Å"Alexander Hamilton†). Realizing this, Hamilton fought to secure a strong central government, along with John Jay and James Madison who together wrote eighty-five essays called the Federalist Papers (The

Limitations Of Technology - An Exploration Of The Printing...

Limitations of Technology – An exploration of the printing press Johannes Gutenberg (c. 1398-1468)’s printing press was created in the mid-15th century Guttenberg used his moveable type machine to print the first mass produced book- the Gutenberg bible, also known as the 42 line bible, named after the number of lines per column. The publication was printed at the rate of 300 pages per day, an unrealistic quantity during the time of print made possible by his invention. Metal letter forms copied manuscript letters of the time as closely as possible, printing the lingual script of the era- Textura Quadrata, a form of Blackletter. Guttenberg was said to have included alterations of letters in order to copy the irregularities of handwriting, even joining letters to be used as scribes in order to control letter fitting.[1] The printing press is a revolutionary example of technology. Not only because of its status as a machine, but also because it fits within a range of conceptual definitions of technology. Technology is an idea, device, tool or object that extends capabilities beyond its defined restrictions. For example, the mobile phone is categorised as technology because it allows for communication between people when distance becomes too great of an obstacle, and does so at a faster rate than the letter, which would have solved this problem in an earlier time, but due to the outdated nature of its technology, wouldn’t be used on the same scale in todays society. This printerShow MoreRelatedPrinting Is A Process For Reproducing Text And Images1978 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract--Printing is a process for reproducing text and images, typically with ink on paper using a print press.3D printing is method of converting a virtual 3D model into a physical object from a digital file. It is achieved using Additive Process, where an object is created by laying down successive layers of material until the entire object is created.3D printing could revolutionize and reshape the world. Advances in 3D printing technology can significantly change and improve the manufacturingRead MoreThe Horizon s Setting 2020 Strategy1732 Words   |  7 Pageson the equitable administration of the reasons of exploration and advancement and their introduction towards the right effects . The second is responsiveness, underscoring the joining and regulation of set up methodologies of expectation, reflection and pondering in and around examination and advancement, impacting the heading of these and related approach. The third concerns the encircling of obligation itself in the connection of exploration and advancement as aggregate exercises with unverifiableRead MoreRobot Ethics and Ethical Issues5299 Words   |  22 Pagesthe form of perception, reasoning, planning, and learning, in addition to feedback signal processing and control. The coordinated exercise of these abilities enables robotic systems to achieve goal-oriented and adaptive behaviours. Communication technologies enable robots to access networks of software agents hosted by other robotic and computer systems. New generations of robots are becoming increasingly proficient in coordinating their behaviours and pursuing shared goals with heterogeneous teamsRead MoreSample Letter For The Fabrication Shop Team At The College Of Architecture9949 Words   |  40 PagesScope 5 The Importance of the Study 6 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 8 Robotics, 3d Printing, and Architecture 8 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 16 Methodology and Assumptions 16 CHAPTER 4: CONCRETE 3D PRINTING SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 19 Material Development 19 3D Printing system research 25 3D Printing system prototyping 32 3D Printing system robotic arm introduction 36 3D Printing system robotic arm implementation 38 3D Printing system robotic arm testing 41 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 51 Summary 51 Results 52 RecommendationsRead MoreInternational Business in Bangladesh- an Investment Destination in South Asia5955 Words   |  24 PagesMethodology: The information gathered for the report is through the use of primary and secondary sources. The whole information has been gathered from internet, different books, manuals, class lecture sheet etc. Limitation of the Study: At the time when I prepare my assignment I face some limitation. These are as follows – 1. There is very short data on international business in Bangladesh 2. Lake of secondary data. 3. I don’t have get enough time for prepare my Assignment because of my jobRead More Ethics in International Security Essay examples3000 Words   |  12 PagesHowever, in this case it is not possible to take the same action. Therefore, it is important to combat this threat through a means that is effective against a decentralized enemy. This means is information. The world is currently in an era of technology where any information is almost immediately available. This includes information in areas such as stock exchanges, weapons, banking information, corporate transactions, and governmental secrets. 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Based on the overseas and domestic scholars’ research, the paper selected companies listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges in intellectual capital-intensive manufacturing industry, information technology industry as well as banking and insurance industry as research samples in the period of 2007 to 2009, using Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) as the evaluation system. The paper construct ed three empirical research model based on economicRead MoreRosalind Krauss - Photographys Discursive Spaces9350 Words   |  38 Pagesfrom around the world. The Archive is supported by libraries, scholarly societies, publishers, and foundations. It is an initiative of JSTOR, a not-for-profit organization with a mission to help the scholarly community take advantage of advances in technology. For more information regarding JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. http://www.jstor.org Sat Feb 9 21:45:30 2008 Photographys Discursive Spaces: By Rosalind Krauss L et us start with two images, identically titled Tufa Domes, PyramidRead MoreInformation Technology Implementation Issues: an Analysis45771 Words   |  184 PagesInformation Technology Implementation Issues: An Analysis Suzanne Beaumaster Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Public Administration and Public Policy John W. Dickey, Chair Larkin Dudley Joseph Rees J. Michael Thomson Gary Wamsley March 24, 1999 Blacksburg, Virginia Copyright 1999, Suzanne Beaumaster Information Technology Implementation

Fi515 Free Essays

Final Exam Page 1 1. (TCO A) Which of the following does NOT always increase a company’s market value? (Points : 5) Increasing the expected growth rate of sales Increasing the expected operating profitability (NOPAT/Sales) Decreasing the capital requirements (Capital/Sales) Decreasing the weighted average cost of capital Increasing the expected rate of return on invested capital| 2. (TCO F) Which of the following statements is correct? (Points : 5) For a project with normal cash flows, any change in the WACC will change both the NPV and the IRR. We will write a custom essay sample on Fi515 or any similar topic only for you Order Now To find the MIRR, we first compound cash flows at the regular IRR to find the TV, and then we discount the TV at the WACC to find the PV. The NPV and IRR methods both assume that cash flows can be reinvested at the WACC. However, the MIRR method assumes reinvestment at the MIRR itself. If two projects have the same cost, and if their NPV profiles cross in the upper right quadrant, then the project with the higher IRR probably has more of its cash flows coming in the later years. If two projects have the same cost, and if their NPV profiles cross in the upper right quadrant, then the project with the lower IRR probably has more of its cash flows coming in the later years. | 3. (TCO D) The Ramirez Company’s last dividend was $1. 75. Its dividend growth rate is expected to be constant at 25% for 2 years, after which dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 6% forever. Its required return (rs) is 12%. What is the best estimate of the current stock price? a. $41. 58 b. $42. 64 c. $43. 71 d. $44. 80 e. $45. 92(Points : 20) | 4. TCO G) The ABC Corporation’s budgeted monthly sales are $4,000. In the first month, 40% of its customers pay and take the 3% discount. The remaining 60% pay in the month following the sale and don’t receive a discount. ABC’s bad debts are very small and are excluded from this analysis. Purchases for next month’s sales are constant each month at $2,000. Other payments for wages, rent, and taxes are const ant at $500 per month. Construct a single month’s cash budget with the information given. What is the average cash gain or (loss) during a typical month for the ABC Corporation? (Points : 20) | 5. TCO G) Clayton Industries is planning its operations for next year, and Ronnie Clayton, the CEO, wants you to forecast the firm’s additional funds needed (AFN). The firm is operating at full capacity. Data for use in your forecast are shown below. Based on the AFN equation, what is the AFN for the coming year? Dollars are in millions. Last year’s sales = S0| $350| | Last year’s accounts payable| $40| Sales growth rate = g| 30%| | Last year’s notes payable| $50| Last year’s total assets = A0*| $500| | Last year’s accruals| $30| Last year’s profit margin = PM| 5%| | Target payout ratio| 60%| a. $102. b. $108. 2 c. $113. 9 d. $119. 9 e. $125. 9 (Points : 30) | | Final Exam Page 2 1. (TCO H) Desai Inc. has the following data, in thousands . Assuming a 365-day year, what is the firm’s cash conversion cycle? Annual sales = Annual cost of goods sold = Inventory = Accounts receivable = Accounts payable =| $45,000 $30,000 $4,500 $1,800 $2,500| a. 28 days b. 32 days c. 35 days d. 39 days e. 43 days (Points : 30) | 2. (TCO C) A firm buys on terms of 2/8, net 45 days, it does not take discounts, and it actually pays after 58 days. What is the effective annual percentage cost of its nonfree trade credit? Use a 365-day year. ) a. 14. 34% b. 15. 10% c. 15. 89% d. 16. 69% e. 17. 52%(Points : 30) | 3. (TCO E) Daves Inc. recently hired you as a consultant to estimate the company’s WACC. You have obtained the following information. (1) The firm’s noncallable bonds mature in 20 years, have an 8. 00% annual coupon, a par value of $1,000, and a market price of $1,050. 00. (2) The company’s tax rate is 40%. (3) The risk-free rate is 4. 50%, the market risk premium is 5. 50%, and the stock’s beta is 1. 20. (4) The target capital structure consists of 35% debt and the balance is common equity. The firm uses the CAPM to estimate the cost of common stock, and it does not expect to issue any new shares. What is its WACC? a. 7. 16% b. 7. 54% c. 7. 93% d. 8. 35% e. 8. 79%(Points : 30) | 4. (TCO B) Leak Inc. forecasts the free cash flows (in millions) shown below. If the weighted average cost of capital is 11% and FCF is expected to grow at a rate of 5% after Year 2, what is the Year 0 value of operations, in millions? Assume that the ROIC is expected to remain constant in Year 2 and beyond (and do not make any half-year adjustments). Year: 1 2 Free cash flow: -$50 $100 a. $1,456 b. 1,529 c. $1,606 d. $1,686 e. $1,770(Points : 35) | 5. (TCO G) Based on the corporate valuation model, Hunsader’s value of operations is $300 million. The balance sheet shows $20 million of short-term investments that are unrelated to operations, $50 million of accounts payable, $90 million of notes payable, $30 million of long-term debt, $40 million of preferred stock, and $100 million of comm on equity. The company has 10 million shares of stock outstanding. What is the best estimate of the stock’s price per share? a. $13. 72 b. $14. 44 c. $15. 20 d. $16. 00 e. $16. 80(Points : 35) | | How to cite Fi515, Papers

Shakespeare also spelled SHAKSPERE, byname BARD OF Essay Example For Students

Shakespeare also spelled SHAKSPERE, byname BARD OF Essay AVON, or SWAN OF AVONEnglish poet, dramatist, and actor, often called the English national poet andconsidered by many to be the greatest dramatist of all time. Shakespeare occupies a position unique in world literature. Other poets, such asHomer and Dante, and novelists, such as Leo Tolstoy and Charles Dickens, havetranscended national barriers; but no writers living reputation can compare with thatof Shakespeare, whose plays, written in the late 16th and early 17th centuries for asmall repertory theatre, are now performed and read more often and in more countriesthan ever before. The prophecy of his great contemporary, the poet and dramatist BenJonson, that Shakespeare was not of an age, but for all time, has been fulfilled. It may be audacious even to attempt a definition of his greatness, but it is not sodifficult to describe the gifts that enabled him to create imaginative visions of pathosand mirth that, whether read or witnessed in the theatre, fill the mind and linger there. He is a writer of great intellectual rapidity, perceptiveness, and poetic power. Otherwriters have had these qualities, but with Shakespeare the keenness of mind wasapplied not to abstruse or remote subjects but to human beings and their completerange of emotions and conflicts. Other writers have applied their keenness of mind inthis way, but Shakespeare is astonishingly clever with words and images, so that hismental energy, when applied to intelligible human situations, finds full and memorableexpression, convincing and imaginatively stimulating. As if this were not enough, theart form into which his creative energies went was not remote and bookish butinvolved the vivid stage impersonation of human beings, commanding sympathy andinviting vicarious participation. Thus Shakespeares merits can survive translation intoother languages and into cultures remote from that of Elizabethan England. Next **Contents of this article:IntroductionShakespeare the manLifeEarly life in StratfordCareer in the theatrePrivate lifeEarly posthumous documentationThe tributes of his colleaguesAnecdotes and documentsPortraitsThe poet and dramatistThe intellectual backgroundPoetic conventions and dramatic traditionsChanges in languageShakespeares literary debtsTheatrical conditionsChronology of Shakespeares playsPublicationPoetic and dramatic powersThe early poemsThe sonnetsThe order of the poemsArtistic invention or real experienceHuman experience in the poemsThe early playsHenry VI, 1, 2, and 3The Comedy of ErrorsTitus AndronicusThe Two Gentlemen of VeronaThe Taming of the ShrewLoves Labours LostRomeo and JulietThe historiesThe Tragedy of King Richard IIIThe Tragedy of King Richard II1 Henry IV; 2 Henry IVKing JohnHenry VThe Roman playsAntony and CleopatraCoriolanusThe great, or middle, comediesThe outsiderWit and ambiguityThe great tragediesHamletOthelloKing LearMacbethTimon of AthensThe dar k comediesTroilus and CressidaAlls Well That Ends Well; Measure for MeasureThe late playsPericlesCymbelineThe Winters TaleThe TempestHenry VIIICollaborative and attributed playsShakespeares readingUnderstanding ShakespeareSympathetic exploration of the textsCauses of difficultyQuestions of authorshipThe claims put forward for BaconOther candidatesThe case for ShakespeareLinguistic and historical problemsTextual and editorial problemsOvercoming some difficultiesThe contribution of textual criticismHistorical, linguistic, and dramatic studiesLiterary criticismLiterary critics and the theatreThe progress of Shakespeare criticismShakespeares influenceMajor WorksPlaysPoemsBibliographyModern editionsBibliographiesTextual studiesBiographies and background studiesCritical studiesToolsE-mail this articlePrint this articleMore About This TopicArticleImagesIndex EntryInternet LinksMaps

Twelfth Night Essays (966 words) - Orsino, Olivia, Viola

Twelfth Night In Shakespeare's "Twelfth Night", it is clearly evident that the fluctuation in attitude to the dual role and situation and tribulations imposed upon the character of Viola/Cesario ends up in a better understanding of both sexes, and thus, allows Viola to have a better understanding for Orsino. Near the opening of the play, when Viola is adopting her male identity, she creates another self, like two masks and may decide to wear one or the other while swinging between the two dentities in emotion and in character. She decides to take on this identity because she has more freedom in society in her Cesario mask, which is evident when she is readily accepted by Orsino, whereas, in her female identity she would not be. Thus, a customary role in society and to the outlooks of others is portrayed. Orsino sees Cesario, as a young squire just starting out in the world, much like himself as a young, spry lad, so he has a tendency to be more willing to unload onto her with his troubles and sorr ows, seeking a companion with which to share and to teach. Thus, Viola grows in her male disguise to get a better feeling for his inner self, not the self that heshows to the public, or would reveal and share with Viola in her true female self, but rather his secret self, as he believes he shares with a peer. So, she grows to love him. But, Orsino's motivation is actually not love for Viola, but rather he seems to be in love with love itself. His entire world is filled with love but he knows that there might be a turning point for him, like when he says: If music be the food of love, play on; give me excess of it, that, surfeiting, the appetite may sicken, and so die. (206) This quote shows that he knows that he is so caught up in "love", that he hopes his appetite for love may simmer when he takes more than he can handle. Near the end of the play, when all tricks and treacheries are revealed and all masks are lifted, Orsino "falls" in love with Viola. He first forgives her/him of her/his duty to him, the master; then says that she shall now be her master's mistress: Your master quits you; and for your service done him, so much against the mettle of your sex, so far beneath your soft and tender breeding, and since you call'd me master for so long, here is my hand. You shall from this time be your master's mistress (237) This is sort of a switching love as he thought he was in love with Olivia in the beginning, but, he readily switches his love to Viola, as he feel she knows her personality well. As for Viola, she declares her love for Orsino many times, as if by saying that she would love him if she were a lady. When Orsino first sends Cesario to act as a messenger and send Orsino's love to Olivia, Cesario proclaims: I'll do my best to woo your lady; [aside] yet, a barful strife! Whoe'er I woo, myself would be his wife. (210) This shows that Viola knows what a difficult situation that she is in, and that she might try to woo her out of loving Orsino, so that she might have him for herself; except there is a slight, unexpected twist of fate...After Cesario leaves from Olivia's, she declares: yet my state is well; I am a gentleman." I'll be sworn thou art. Thy tongue, thy face, thy limbs, and spirit, do give thee five-fold blazon. Not too fast: soft, soft! Unless the master were the man. How now! Even so quickly may one catch the plague? Methinks I feel this youth's per- fections with an invisible and subtle stealth to creep in at mine eyes. Well, let it be. What ho, Malvolio! (212) Olivia, is thinking back to her question to Cesario, and his response to it. Then she replies to Cesario's response, to herself, thinking about him. She agrees with his response, then goes over his many delightfulfeatures, and wonders how she so quickly has caught the plague of love for young Cesario. She decides that it is her feeling towards

Matt Groening Essays

Matt Groening Essays Matt Groening Paper Matt Groening Paper Matt Groening spent his child life in Portland, Oregon USA. His father was a Cartoonist and a film producer of surfing films. He had a mother called Margaret, a father called Homer and two little sisters called Lisa and Maggie. This is where the Simpson characters got their names. He grew up watching TV sitcoms like Leave It To Beaver about a boy called Beaver who got up to all sorts of adventures; Aussie and Harriet and Dennis the Menace. When He became a teenager he started to draw Charlie Brown from Peanuts as he read them so frequently. These were hisfirst cartoons. At School he was an under achiever. He got terrible test results and unfair grades. So he swore never to take another test again. He was very lucky, as he found a college with no tests or grades and he studied what he wanted when you wanted. This was the Evergreen State College. All the great art and music minds went there and Matt started real cartooning. He had friends there who also cartoo ned and so he was not unusual in any way. Then he started to draw Joe. He was a version of Charlie brown with a big nose and eyes on one side of his head only. Later on he started to wear a fez and Matt called him Akbar. Then Akbar got a brother called Jeff who looked exactly the same. He started to draw comic strips with them but you couldnt tell who was who. They would have fights about certain things and you would not be able to tell who had which idea. ;A Life in Hell; was only with a rabbit called Binky. Matt would draw him in his attic with police sirens and helicopter buzzing and wailing out side so his tension would be high, hence the title, and would send them off to various newspapers to be printed in them. This was hisfirst job. Later on again Sheeba, Binkys girlfriend was introduced. So he introduced Akbar and Jeff into A Life in Hell and everyone was happy.

Critical Book Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Book Review - Essay Example Review. Ms. West presents this book using dialogue and from the very beginning she writes as if speaking to the reader. Her first sentence sets the stage for an argument that would not come from the perspective of an author of another race. Her idea that western society has been socialized to believe individual thinkers perspective on social problems is a unique take on a long standing problem in society. Throughout the book she identifies social problems, examines the statistical points of view. "However large the number of individual white men who do and who will identify themselves completely with the negro cause, the white race in America will not admit the negro to equal rights if it is not forced to do so." The point that is made here is that despite the improvements over the years in the treatment of African Americans by society that same society will not admit African Americans as equals unless forced to do so. West explains how there remains a strong separation between the races that needs to be overcome. West points out on page three that those who are considered "great thinkers" in western European dominated society tend to be white, male, and Christian. This puts the African American at a distinct disadvantage. Sexual abuse is another topic that West writes about. ... The place of Christianity among religions is also explored in this book. West points out that Christians believe that Christianity is superior to other religions and that Christians have used coercion and subjugation to convert others to Christianity. According to West Christians consider Christianity as a universal religion for all people. In West's focus on the African American women she touches upon facts that should be considered seriously by both the African American community and American society as a whole. She points out in her chapter on the Bible and Welfare reform that there is a disparity in the treatment of poor black women who choose to stay home and raise their children and other women in American society who stay home with their children. In white, non-welfare recipient families, a woman who chooses to stay home and raise her children is considered a virtuous woman. Race and poverty are the only differences between both groups of women. In this case black women who choose to stay home and raise their children are not considered virtuous women. West uses the Mary story in the book of Matthew to help explain who is a virtuous woman. On page 83 of this book West tells the story of Newt Gingrich's bill that went before congress. This bill uses statistics to define the black community's problem. Part of the bill was called: Reducing Illegitimacy (Contract With America). West quotes this bill on page 83: "The likelihood that a young black man will engage in criminal activities doubles if he is raised without a father and triples if he lives in a neighborhood with a high concentration of single parent families." West points out that Gingrich uses statistics to put the blame for violent

Marketing Research 200 Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Marketing 200 - Research Paper Example Discuss the following statement: â€Å"Quantitative research is more important than qualitative research because it results in statistical information and conclusive findings.† Use references to support your opinions. (Recommended approx. 1000 –1200 words) 100 marks Total Marks (200 marks) 1. In what ways can marketing research influence the development and implementation of marketing strategy? Does that mean that organizations that conduct market research will perform better than organisations that does not? Please provide adequate references and examples for each of the points in your discussion. Marketing plays a vital role in the development of an organisation. It is a necessary part of every business and no business can sustain in the market without proper marketing strategies and techniques. When we look deep into the oceans of marketing, we observe many things that are pre-requisites and are required necessarily to perform proper marketing. Market Research is one of them. What is Marketing Research? Marketing research is basically a simple function, which interlinks consumers, public and customers to the marketer through the flow of information. It helps to get the idea of what a layman thinks about the product and in which manner a marketer should market the products. Marketing research specifies the information required to solve an issue, manages and implements the data collection process, analyses results, and communicates the findings and their implications. (Journal of Marketing Research 2011) It is basically about understanding consumer behaviour, like how a particular person quenches his thirst while he is at work. It helps you to get an idea of the consumers’ mentality. It also helps in ascertaining the current position of the company in the eyes of a consumer. A company can never improve its products unless it is aware of its current product standings. Therefore, market research creates an opportunity by conducting in-depth research and helps organizations to progress on regular basis. Moreover, a thorough marketing research can also help in getting answers of the following questions, by remaining unbiased. Who will buy your product? Will the consumers of your product recommend your product to others? What do customers expect from you? Are you meeting their standards? Are you competitors better or do you have the best standing amongst the customers? There are many similar questions that need to be answered in order to improve the performances of businesses among competitors (Alberta 2003). In addition, market research is the best way to get first hand information of customers. By conducting these researches, not only you are getting relevant information but also showing your customers that how much you care about them. It is also an admitted fact that these marketing researches helps strengthen customer relationships (American Marketing Research 2011). In addition, no one can deny the fact that a fine line separates the success or failure in business and marketing research is correlated to the success or failure of an organization. Influence of marketing research in the Development and Implementation of Marketing Strategy: Considering the conventional definition and concept of marketing research, (what is the conventional definition of MR? mention it) (Mentioned Under the heading of What is Marketing Research, with reference to the JMR) one can easily deduce that marketing research certainly influence the development and implementation of a marketing

Combating Compassion Fatigue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Combating Compassion Fatigue - Essay Example Cognitive symptoms entail apathy, disorientation, preoccupation with trauma, minimization, rigidity, and lowered concentration. Emotional symptoms include anxiety, anger, fear, sadness, depleted, blunted, enhanced affect, shock, depression, helplessness, numbness, guilt, and powerlessness (Portnoy, 2011). The individual may experience troubling dreams similar to those of the patient. The individual may also experience sudden and involuntary recall of a frightening situation while working with the family or the patient. Concerning behavioral symptoms, the individual may be withdrawn, have poor sleep, a change in appetite, isolated, and hyper-vigilance, have nightmares, moody, and irritable. Spiritual symptoms include pervasive hopelessness, questioning of one’s religious beliefs, skepticism, loss of faith, loss of purpose, and questioning of the meaning of life. Somatic symptoms entail rapid heartbeat, pains and aches, impaired immune system, difficulty staying or falling aslee p, headaches, dizziness, difficulty in breathing, and sweating (Portnoy, 2011). The Nature of the Problems and Their Causes Portnoy (2011) states that compassion fatigue is caused by empathy. Compassion fatigue is a form of burnout that appears unexpectedly and with little or no warning. The condition is generally persistent than burnout. It is the natural outcome of stress; it results from helping and caring for the suffering or traumatized individuals. It entails a preoccupation with the individual or with the individual’s trauma and it does not need to be at the stressful occasion. The condition can result from just being exposed to an individual’s painful narrative. It is further described as the â€Å"convergence of primary stress, secondary traumatic stress, and cumulative stress in the lives of helping professionals and other care providers† (Portnoy, 2011, p48). On the other hand, burnout is described as a type of mental distress that is manifested in no rmal individuals who have never suffered from prior psychopathology. The individuals experience decreased performance at work because of the negative behaviors and attitudes. The main dimensions of burnout include emotional exhaustion, feeling of cynicism and depersonalization, lack of personal accomplishment, and sense of ineffectiveness. Emotional exhaustion is the basic individual stress indicator of burnout and it refers to the feeling of being depleted and overextended of one’s physical and emotional resources. The exhaustion causes the individual to distance himself cognitively and emotionally from work and it is a means devised by the individual to cope with the work overload (Coyle and Ferrell, 2010). Depersonalization (detachment from job) and feeling of cynicism is the burnout interpersonal context dimension and it refers to the excessively detached response and negative callous to various features of the job. Lack of personal accomplishment and sense of ineffective ness is the self-evaluation burnout dimension and it indicates the lack of productivity and achievement at work and feeling of being incompetent. Lack of personal accomplishment emerges from the lack of resources to complete the work; for instance, the lack of necessary tools, lack of crucial information or even insufficient time (Coyle and Ferrell, 2010). The Physical, Emotional, and Spiritual Needs Of the Caregiver When caring for patients in palliative care, the

Youth And Youth Subcultures Media Essay

Youth And Youth Subcultures Media Essay Brown (1998) argues that the only hard-core truth there is that we are born, we grow older, and we die. The categories that fall between when we are born then grow old and then die for example childhood, adolescence, adult and elderly are socially created. One of the latest categories created is that of youth. Oxforddictionaires.com (2013) defines the term youth as the period between childhood and adult age. However there is no standardised definition of youth, as the term youth is subject to cultural, social and political changes. Therefore many theorists argue that youth is a social construction (and will differ between cultures). Social construction is defined as something that is created by society, constructed from social meanings and definitions. In the 21st century we are consider to be in an age of information because we are exposed to numerous types of media such as TV, audio and printed types. Due to this its argued that the media has an influence on how we as a society vie w youth and youth cultures The purpose of this essay is to discuss to what extent the media influences views on youth and youth subcultures. It is argued that youth is socially constructed this is through the fact that there are numerous classifications of what a youth is, and when someone makes the transition into leaving childhood behind and becoming a youth. The only constant feature is that it is supposedly the culture and society that tells the individual when they are no longer a child and they are now a youth or an adult. For example within different countries there are different age definitions for a youth criminal. Inside England and Wales this is 10-17 years old (Crime disorder Act, 1998). As it is believed that from the age of 18 you are considered an adult within many cultures and societies around the world. This idea of 18 being the age an individual becomes an adult is based upon the idea that you can now legally vote, get married and participate in a contract to name some characteristics that seem universal around western society specifically within Europe and USA. So as stated the western culture and socie ty has classified an individual becomes an adult at 18. However throughout different cultures the stages between childhood and adulthood have constantly been changing, adapting and some could say becoming very blurred. Due to this childhood differs between different cultures so it is complicated to understand where childhood stops so that an individual can become this notion of a youth. Nevertheless although an individuals culture plays a big part in the classification of youth the media is the biggest contributor and influencer on societys definition and views of youth and youth subcultures. This is as the media are constantly bombarding the public with stories about youths. These tend to portray the youths and the subcultures attached in a negative light. Even when the media is not portraying youths in a negative manner that are flooding the media with their definition of what it is and means to be a youth. With these ideas constantly being displayed they can create a discourse of what youth is. This therefore shows the power and influence the media can have on societies views towards youth and youth subcultures. Another manor, in which the media considerably influences societys views on youth and youth subculture, is through the creation of moral panics. Cohen (2002) identifies a moral panic as (a) condition, episode, person or group of persons that emerges to become defined as a threat to  societal values  and interests. A more standardised definition is that of Turner, Abercrombie and Hill (1988). They define a moral panic as an overreaction of the mass media,  police and local community leaders to delinquent offences which are in fact relatively trivial,  both in terms of  the nature of the offence and the number  of people involved. A recent example of the influence the media can have is that of the Hoodie subculture/moral-panic they created. A style of dress worn by young people but not limited to, however when it was associated with deviant behaviour of people outside of the medias dictated image of how an individual should be it start to create a panic. It officially becam e a moral panic after the media heard that this style of dress had been banned from shopping centres such as the Bluewater retail park in Kent (BBC News, 2005), and had created a deviance amplification spiral due to all the opinions being offered and being many media outlets main story. This shows the influence the media has on societal views of youth and youth subcultures as the media created a panic over a style of dress that has been worn for decades by monks and featured in hip-hop music videos without need for panic or to negative portray individuals who are not acting within societys norms. Nevertheless all though the media is a main contributor and influencer to subjects about or on youth and youth cultures it still fails to create one universal definition or view of the phenomena identified as youth. This could be because as Buckingham (2000) says over the last few decades the distinctions between children and other categories -youth or adults have become difficult to sustain. The media contributes to the socialisation of people across a broad range of areas (Hutson et al, 1992). Media, along with the other agents of socialisation attempt to create an image in which to mould children into. However youth cultures are created out of rebellion to this mould and from just not fitting the societies set norms of how an individual should be. Therefore, individual differences slightly minimises the amount of grip the media has on influencing society. This is as an individual has the power and right to classify and define themselves in any way they see fit. Therefore even if the media tells society to define a youth as someone aged 13-25, the individual does not have to accept and refer to themselves as that classification. In conclusion it is a known/generalised theory amongst societies that individuals are influenced by what they see. The media is the main source of what people see, therefore the media influences societal views considerably. Whether it is on the topic of youth and youth cultures to what political party an individual should support. This can be said to be down to the idea the technology and the media are creating a New Age in which we are now all living in. However the media is just one factor in which can influence societal views, culture and background can also play its part by being a strong influence on an individual so that individuals dont only have the media as a source to refer to. Also individual differences can also be an influencer, although this is not as big a contributor as the media or culture and background. Individual differences show society that you dont have to fit the mould that is constantly being shown to the world about youths and youth culture. Nevertheless it is the media that is the main influencer by far as it is the main method of spreading a message to society in all forms.

Karen Horney: Her Life and Work Essay -- Feminine Psychology Essays

Karen Horney: Her Life and Work Karen Horney, a psychoanalyst perhaps best known for her ideas regarding feminine psychology, faced much criticism from orthodox Freudian psychoanalysts during her time. Robert Sternberg said that creativity is always a â€Å"person-system interaction† because many highly creative individuals produce products that are good, but that are not exactly what others expect or desire. Thus, creativity is only meaningful in the context of the system that judges it. If this is true, I believe that Karen Horney made truly creative contributions to the field of psychology, and particularly to the domain of psychoanalysis. She broke rules in a domain that was itself fairly new, and in doing so presented ideas that have been in use to this day. She did so in a system that bombarded her with a fair amount of criticism because her ideas were different from those that Freud and his disciples supported. However, she made her mark as a master in her domain and has managed to have a nu mber of her ideas incorporated into ego psychology, systems- theory, and a number of self-actualizing schools of psychotherapy. Howard Gardner has studied many creative masters within the context of his theory of the three core elements of creativity. These include the relation between the child and the adult creator, the relation between the creator and others, and the relation between the creator and his or her work. Karen Horney’s childhood and adult life have been reflected in much of her work. She was born in 1885, the end of the Victorian era. Horney’s father was a â€Å"God-fearing fundamentalist who strongly believed that women were inferior to men and were the source of all evil in the world† (Hergenhahn & Olson... ...usly shaped her personality and later influenced her psychoanalytic theory. In turn, her personality affected her relations with others in her domain, her family, her peers, her critics, and her supporters. It allowed her to obtain and hold prominent positions in psychology and to help countless patients. Horney took much pride in her work; she refused to allow orthodox Freudian doctrine and its supporters to prevent her from voicing the theories that she carefully constructed from years of personal introspection integrated with observations of societal influence. References Gardner, Howard (1993). Creating Minds. New York: Basic Books. Hergehhahn, B. R. and Olson, M. H. (1999). An Introduction to Theories of Personality. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Rubins, Jack L. (1978). Karen Horney: Gentle Rebel of Psychoanalysis. New York: The Dial Press.